relative clauses

The English Relative Clauses: a free printable worksheet on the English Relative Clauses with grammar rules and exercises 

The English Relative Clauses

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Table of Contents
  • Grammar Rules
  • Exercises
Level:

This lesson can be used on all ages of elementary to intermediate students.


A relative clause is one kind of dependent clause. It has a subject and verb, but can’t stand alone as a sentence.

It is sometimes called an “adjective clause” because it functions like an adjective—it gives more information about a noun. A relative clause always begins with a “relative pronoun,” which substitutes for a noun, a noun phrase, or a pronoun when sentences are combined.

The relative pronouns are:

PronounStands ForUses
whopeoplesubstitutes for subject nouns/pronouns (he, she, we, they)
whompeoplesubstitutes for object nouns/pronouns (him, her, us, them)
whosepeople or thingssubstitutes for possessive nouns/pronouns (his, hers, ours, theirs)
thatpeople or thingscan be used for either subject or object can only be used in restrictive relative clauses (see below)
whichthingscan be used for either subject or object can be used in non-restrictive relative clauses can also be used in restrictive relative clauses, though some people don’t like this use

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